Understanding Scoliosis
Scoliosis makes the spine curve sideways. It looks like an "S" or "C" shape. The spine should be straight.
Related glossary terms: Chiropractic Care, Spinal Decompression, X-Ray.
This curve can happen anywhere on the spine. It is most common in the upper back. That is called the thoracic (chest) area.
It also happens in the lower back. That is called the lumbar (lower back) area. Small curves may not cause problems.
Big curves can hurt. They may make it hard to move. They can press on the lungs or heart.
Most scoliosis has no known cause. Doctors call this idiopathic (no known cause). It often starts in kids aged 10 to 15.
Kids grow fast at this age. But scoliosis can also start in adults. This happens when the spine wears down.
Arthritis or osteoporosis (weak bones) can cause it. Other causes include spine defects at birth. Some muscle diseases can also cause it.
Injuries to the spine can lead to scoliosis too.
How Scoliosis Is Measured?
Doctors check for scoliosis by looking at the spine. They measure the curve. This is called the Cobb angle.
They take X-rays. Lines are drawn on the X-ray. These show the curved part of the spine.
A Cobb angle of 10 degrees means scoliosis. Angles over 25 may need treatment. The curve's shape and size help decide treatment.
The doctor may ask the patient to bend forward. They check for uneven ribs or back. They look for uneven shoulders.
They also look for uneven waist or leaning to one side. X-rays, MRIs. Or CT scans show the spine better. These tests rule out other problems.
Why Scoliosis Matters?
Scoliosis can get worse over time. This is true for kids who are still growing. A worse curve can cause back pain.
It can make breathing hard. It can lower how well you move. In bad cases, it can press on the heart and lungs.
Finding it early helps. So does watching it closely. This stops problems and helps you live better.
Many people with scoliosis don't have pain. It doesn't stop daily activities. But even small curves can hurt self-esteem.
Teens may feel bad about uneven shoulders or hips. Support like therapy or braces can help. This keeps confidence and movement strong.
When Scoliosis Matters Most?
Scoliosis is most serious when kids grow fast. Watch for uneven shoulders. Also watch for a rib hump or clothes fitting oddly.
School checks and doctor visits catch it early. Adults may feel back pain or stiffness. They may get tired more easily.
Treatment depends on the curve size. It also depends on age and growth. Small curves (10-25 degrees) just need checks.
Medium curves (25-40 degrees) may need a brace. This stops the curve from getting worse. Big curves (over 40 degrees) may need surgery.
Surgery straightens the spine. Rods or screws hold it in place. Therapy and exercises can also help.
They manage pain and improve posture.
